| Clan Keith and associated names
No heritage pages for Peterhead can be written without mention
of the Keith Clan.
Prior to the establishment of the Keith family as being the
dominant local family it was the Comyns who were the original
medieval earls of Buchan and were descended from King Charlemagne.
Robert the Bruce eventually drove the Comyn family out of their
heartland.
The Keith family name has been associated with Peterhead since
the 14th century. The most famous of the Keith’s was Field Marshal
James Keith of Inverugie, whose statue stands in the town at
the top of Broad Street. (See also Plates 6, 7 & 8) This
statue was directly gifted to Peterhead by William 1, the King
of Prussia in recognition of the Field Marshal’s loyalty to
the Prussian sovereign at several major European battles during
the 17th century.
James Keith, and his older brother George, the 9th Earl Marischal,
were both born at Inverugie Castle in the late 1600’s and were
the sons of William Keith, the 8th Earl Marischal.
Both the brothers fled to Europe after the battle of Sherriffmuir
in 1715 as stringent punishments were then being imposed on
the supporters of James Edward Stuart. At this time, many members
of the Keith Clan also fled to Ireland and America.
James and George Keith became highly respected in Europe and
although George eventually returned to Scotland and was able
to reclaim some of his old family properties. He was to eventually
die in Berlin in 1778 leaving as his heir on whom the head of
the Keith family and the title of Earl of Kintore descended
– Anthony 8th Lord Falconer.
The Keith Clan itself includes a number of ‘septs’ (Sept: Those
with surnames other than that of Keith and who can rightfully
claim membership of the Clan through association. This is generally
through a maternal line or by those families who gathered under
the Clan Keith banner in early times)
Such family ‘septs’ include the following; in addition, there
may well be a number of variations in the spellings that are
not listed
|
Achindachy |
Aston |
Austin
|
Cate |
|
Dick |
Dickson |
Dixon
|
Falconer |
|
Harvey
|
Haxton |
Keech |
Keeth |
|
Kite |
Lumgain |
McDickens |
McGeath |
|
MacKeith |
Mackett |
Marshall
|
Urrie |
| Table 3.
Listing of major Clan Keith
‘septs’ |
|
|
Again, it should be noted that a number
of the above ‘sept’ family names retain a reasonably
large presence in this area.
In July 2002 some 200 members of the Keith Clan visited
the area as part of a world wide Clan Gathering, It
is hoped that through these pages, and other sources,
that we can maintain ongoing links with the Clan.
There remain within the area no less
than three castles associated with the Keith family.
These three castles are located at Boddam, Ravenscraig
and Inverugie.
Boddam Castle will be found just off
the roadside on the southern edge of Boddam, just to
the south of Peterhead. The sparse remains stand starkly
overhanging the clifftop. Little is left of the building
although that which does remain is able to provide an
indication of how it once was.
Ravenscraig Castle can be found nestling
under dense trees alongside the River Ugie and just
up stream from Inverugie Castle. With the river, running
fast below its mound and with the remains of its moat
still clearly in evidence it is surprisingly evocative
of its previous glory.
Inverugie Castle stands right on the
road that runs through the village of Inverugie and
although well fenced off from the roadside the inner
castle courtyard can be approached (with permission)
via private property to the side.
Unfortunately, all three castles are
very much in a ruinous state and the two northern ones
are situated on private land. A short pathway enables
access to Boddam Castle, while Inveruguie Castle lies
directly by the roadside. Ravenscraig is some 500 metres
walk along the River Ugie and nestles amongst many trees.
Although it is not too difficult to approach any of
these castle remains care needs to be taken.
 |
| 
19th C. Watercolour of Inverugie Castle by Mr John Mitchell
(owned by the Earl of Kintore)
 |
| Inverugie Castle
was founded about 1380 by Sir John de Kegh who had received
the lands of Inverugie as a marriage portion with his
wife Mariot Cheyne, daughter of Sir Reginald Cheyne
of the Craig (Raverscraig). Sir John de Keth was the
second son of Edward de Keth, one of the Earls Marishal.
In 1513, when Sir William Keith of Inverugie fell at
the battle of Flodden, Inverugie fell into the female
hands of his two infant daughters. The elder of whom,
in 1538, went on to marry her kinsman, William, the
third Earl of Marischal thus the castle and estates
of Inverugie became the property of the Earls Marischal.
Although founded in the 14th century,
the greater part of the fabric is supposed to have been
erected about the close of the 16th century by George,
4th Earl Marischal, the founder of Marischal College,
Aberdeen.
It is recorded that running southwards
from the outer gateway was a wall, the cope of which
was ornamented with a representation of a closed carriage
with four horses this being a noted early instance (1670)
of such a vehicle in Scotland. In front of this carriage
two mounted horsemen galloping at full speed, the Scottish
thistle and a lion were depicted.
In 1729, when the castle became vacant
following the death of the Countess Marischal, it started
to fall into decay and after the downfall of the Keith
family in the middle of the 18th century predatory bands,
chiefly hailing from Peterhead, subsequently looted
it. Thus, its deterioration continued until Lord Pitfour
eventually purchased the castle, along with the barony
of St Fergus and the lands of the Abbey of Deer. At
this time, the castle was partially restored by his
son, James Ferguson of Pitfour, but unfortunately, the
castle soon fell back into further decay.
The ruins, as reported in the late 19th
century, consisted of a square central mass, with two
corner towers, a gateway and double court, and handsomely
coped walls. Unfortunately, severe gales during the
1890’s brought about several collapses of the main structure
and the ensuing remedial works actually led to further
deterioration. |
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